Composite material



Nov. 28,l 1950 w. ARKELL 2,531,931

COMPOSITE MATERIAL Filed June 1, 1946 Tijl..

H /2 am ma mmuu mmm s M m12 ggz INVENTOR Patented Nov. 28, 1950 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE COMPOSITE MATERIAL William C. Arkell, Englewood, N. J., assignor to Arkel! Safety Bag Company, New York N. Y., a corporation of New York Application June l, 1948, Serial No. 673,881

Figure 1 is a plan view, partly diagrammatical, i

of a piece of the material;

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatical transverse sectional view on an enlarged scale taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, the 'thickness of the paper web being greatly exaggerated for sake of clearness;

Fig. 3 is a similar view of a, modiiled form; and Fig. 4 is a view in perspective of another modiiled form.

'lhe material shown in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises a web 2 of paper which has transversely extending crinkles I to provide for longitudinal stretchability, and attened longitudinally extending corrugations 6 to provide for transverse stretchability, the crinkles and corrugations also providing stretchability in all directions.

On each side of the paper web 2 is a layer or web 8 of unspun cotton ilbers. The ilbers of each web 8 may be carded so aslto extend generally longitudinally of the\web. These cotton liber webs are secured to the paper web by means of lines 1 of adhesive applied to the crests of the corrugations, the portions of each cotton liber web between the corrugations being left unsecured so as to provide more or less dead or still air spaces between the cotton webs and the paper. The crests of the ilattened corrugations are necessarily somewhat ununiform in this type of corrugated and crinkled paper, and it is desirable in applying the adhesive to the crinkled paper which is done previously tothe application of the cotton webs, to apply only a sufficient amount of adhesive to effect secure attachment of the webs along lines extending longitudinally of the crests of the corrugations. In most instances it is preferable to employ a water-insoluble adhesive such as asphaltic, resinous (both thermoplastic and thermosetting), or vegetable or animal glue, and the adhesive should be of such consistency as not to penetrateY materially into the fibers of the cotton layers. The paper employed may be waterproofed and may be either a single sheet or duplex.

In the form shown in Fig. 4, the all-way stretch in the paper web instead of being provided by means of gatherings in the form of transverse crinkles and longitudinally extending corrugations, the gatherings are in the form of attened 2 crinkles or rugosities I0 extending in various directions. In this form, the cotton fiber layers are secured to the sides of the paper web by adhesive applied to the crests of the crinkles or 'rugositiea In this form (Fig. 4) it will be noted that the fibers are attached to the paper web on broken lines extending transversely as well as in various other directions which is especially desirable in the case of cotton webs made of-carded fibers extending generally longitudinally thereof, as the transverse lines assist in holding the fibers tov gether.

In both forms it may be desirable to provide the cotton webs with spaced transverse lines I2 of. a suitable adhesive binder for the fibers. Preferably, however, especially where cotton fibers are employed, the fibers are applied to the paper directly from the carding machines without adhesively securing the fibers together. Webs of unspun or carded illbers even when attached by transverse lines of adhesivel have but little strength transversely thereof, but the stretchable paper web of my improved product greatly reinforces the fibers.

It has been found that my improved material is elastically stretchable in all directions, butthe cotton layers attached as described tend to resist stretching strains and thus tend to retain the material in smooth and unstretched condition. The material is soft and of cloth-like pliability. It is extremely-strong considering the materials employed', and may be crushed or rumpled without breaking or creasing the material. The attachment of the cotton layers in the manner described does not materially affect the moisture absorbing properties thereof,v and the waterproofed paper effectively prevents moisture albsorbed by one or both of the cotton layers from passing through the material. It has been found that even without moisture-proong the paper, the material has a certain degree of moisture resistance. 'I'he minute dead or still air spaces between unattached valleys or depressions in the paper and the 'fiber layers add to the heat-insulating and cushioning properties of the material, and the cotton presents` soft-non-irritatine: surfaces.

The material may be used for various purposes where the properties thereof above described are desirable, such for example, for bandages, pads for hospital beds, diapers, blankets, sleeping bags, facial cloths, and wrappings for packing glass and other articles of a fragile or delicate nature. In the use of material for bandages it may be desirable in some instances to employ a porous or perforated paper web, and also it may be desirable in some instances to treat the cotton bers on one or both sides of the paper with a suitable waterproofing material.

While it is preferable to employ cotton bers other suitable bers may be employed in some instances. Also thermoplastic cellulose derivative bers may be mixed with the cotton Jbers or used alone whereby upon the application of heat and pressure the bers may be caused to adhere more or less together and to be securely attached to the paper web.

The strength, pliability and stretchability of the composite material particularly adapts it for use in low pressure molding for plastics.

The material may be coated on the outer sides of the ber layers with polyvinyl-chlorate, polystyrene, polyethylene and other suitable material Il commonly employed for coating fabrics Afor moisture-proong, decorating or other purposes (Fig. 3). The composite material when thus coated may be used for draperies, curtains, clothing and various other articles where a strong, pliable fabric is required. The absorption properties of the ber layers insure rm adherence of the coatings, and maximum strength and pliability of the resulting product.

While for the sake oi' clearness the overall thickness of the paper web has been shown exaggerated in the drawings, it will be understood that the over-al1 thickness of the composite material is much less' than that shown, and material that has been manufactured for bandages is only about 3," in thickness. The material may be made of any desired thickness for the purposes intended.

As will be evident to those skilled -in the art, my invention permits various modications Without departing from the spirit thereof of the scope of the appended claims.

The present application is a continuation in part of pending application Ser. No. 572,234, led January 10, 1945, now abandoned.

What I claim is:

1. Composite material of the class described comprising a web of paper having transversely extending crinkles to provide for stretchability longitudinally of the web and having longitudinally extending corrugations to' provide for stretchability transversely oi? the web, the corrugations being of flattened dove-tail form, and a web of non-felted carded cotton bers adhesively secured to the crests of the attened corrugations at each side of the paper web, the cotton bers extending generally longitudinally ofthe web.

2. A structure according to claim 1 in which the bers are secured together by transversely extending spaced lines of adhesive.

3. Composite material of the class described comprising a sheet of paper having gatherings therein to provide for stretchability in at least two directions, and a layer of non-felted'carded bers adhesively secured to the crests of the gatherings at each side of the paper sheet.

4. Composite material of the class described comprising a web of paper having gatherings therein to provide for stretchability at least longitudinally and transversely of the web, and a web of non-felted carded cotton bers adhesively secured to the crests of the gatherings at each side of the paper web, said carded cotton bers extending generally longitudinally of the web.

5. A structure according to claim 3 in which the paper sheet is waterproofed and water-insoluble adhesive is employed to secure the ber layers to the paper sheet.

6. A structure according to claim 3 in which the paper sheet is perforated.

7. Composite material of the class described comprising a sheet of paper having gatherings therein to provide for stretchability in at least two directions, and a layer made up of a mixture of cotton and thermoplastic non-felted carded bers adhesively secured by said thermoplastic bers to the crests of the gatherings at each side of the paper sheet. I

8. A structure according to claim 3 in which the outer surfaces of the ber layers are provided with solidified resinous coatings adhesively secured thereto.V

WILLIAM C. ARKELL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the, ille of this patent:

UNITED sTATEs` PATENTS Number Name Date 1,212,688 Rona et al. Jan. 16, 1917 1,231,429 Rona June26, 1917 1,301,6 05 Ringel 'Apr. 22, 1919' 1,906,671 Thunert May 2, 1933 2,117,418 Hajoway May 17, 1938 2,139,138i Spailord Dec. 6, 1938 2,190,680 Rowe Feb. 20, 1940 2,336,797 Maxwell Dec. 14, 1943 2,444,115 Reed June 29, 1948 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 487,709 Great Britain Mar. 24, 1937 

1. COMPOSITE MATERIAL OF THE CLASS DESCRIBED COMPRISING A WEB OF PAPER HAVING TRANSVERSELY EXTENDING CRINKLES TO PROVIDE FOR STRETCHABILITY LONGITUDINALLY OF THE WEB AND HAVING LONGITUDINALLY EXTENDING CORRUGATIONS TO PROVIDE FOR STRETCHABILITY TRANSVERSELY OF THE WEB, THE CORRUGATIONS BEING OF FLATTENED DOVE-TAIL FORM, AND A WEB OF NON-FELTED CARDED COTTON FIBERS ADHESIVELY SECURED TO THE CRESTS OF THE FLATTENED CORRUGATIONS AT EACH SIDE OF THE PAPER WEB, THE COTTON FIBERS EXTENDING GENERALLY LONGITUDINALLY OF THE WEB. 